France’s lockdown is to be extended, to nobody’s surprise.

The president is to tell us how long we must remain in our homes on Monday when he will make his third televised address since the start of the crisis.

Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has sent a letter outlining proposals on how to handle a phased end of lockdown to Prime Minister Edouard Philippe.

At more than 20,000 inhabitants per km², Paris is the most densely populated city outside Asia. Many residents live in small flats and Madame la Maire is especially worried about people who can’t effectively self-isolate from the people they live with if they become infected.

She calls for widespread targeted testing and certificate of immunity for people who have recovered, so that they can be exempted from some lockdown requirements. I hope people are thinking this through, since I believe it is not yet clear how long immunity can last.

Hidalgo, who would clearly like to be France’s first female president, joins a number of politicians who have called for an inquiry into the government’s handling of the epidemic and is critical of the lack of protective material.

The scandalous mask shortage surely has lessons for all. Not only because of the cost-cutting mentality that meant that stocks built up after previous epidemics were run down but also because of the global division of labour that means Europe and the US are fighting on the tarmac to buy masks and other supplies from China when they could have been produced here.

Globalisation has not only devastated the environment and helped spread the virus, it has also made the world economy dependent on supply lines that are fatally disrupted by this kind of crisis. And it seems there will be more such crises.

Plasma may save lives. Since Tuesday French medics have been running a clinical trial to see if transfusions of blood from cured patients can save severely ill patients.

Blood has been taken from 200 people who have recovered and is being given to 30 of the group of 60 patients, Le Monde reports. The other 30 are being given a placebo, which of course is standard practice.

The first results won’t be available for two to three weeks, unfortunately.

Similar tests are taking place in the US, where the doctor in charge says that each donation of blood could save three or four lives.

France’s Covid-19 death toll now officially stands at 10,869 but this is an underestimate because a “technical problem” has prevented the number of deaths in care homes being updated today. There are 82,048 confirmed cases (also an underestimate because of the lack of testing) 30,375 people hospitalised, up 348 in 24 hours, and 7,148 in intensive care, an increase of only 17. 21,254 people have been discharged from hospital.

Our neighbour Marianne was cutting forsythia at her end of the courtyard when I put my head outside the door yesterday. She said it was to prevent it blocking another neighbour’s windows. I begged her not to throw the branches away, so there is a pile of gold on the top of the steps in front of her house.

“I’ve lost a friend,” she told me. “An anarchist comrade. One of the ones I made video about.” Marianne is an anarchist, though not a politically active one, and she runs Video-sur-Marne, which collects short films about the area by her and other people.

“He was only 30 and had been healthy,” she said. “It looks like they didn’t take the symptoms seriously enough. He started having difficulty breathing and within four hours he was dead.”

Marianne has been discussing with a friend whether the epidemic will change people’s attitudes for the good.

She doesn’t think so. Neither does her friend. And they find the evening applause sessions for health workers “indecent”.

Raphaël, the man from the council who phones every day to check that Mum is alright, is more optimistic. The crisis is a lesson in solidarity, he said when we chatted yesterday.

He has to phone about 10 elderly people every day, except weekends. Staying inside is getting him down a bit, he says – he appears to be a fairly sporty type. “But I get out to deliver groceries to some of the old folk who can’t get outside themselves.”

To the chemist, to pick up Mum’s prescription. They are all wearing face masks and gloves and work behind plexiglass screens.

I asked the young woman who served me how she found wearing a mask on all day.

“It’s not great,” she said. “There’s a mark on our faces when we get home and our eyes are sore and red.”

The weekend’s improvement has not lasted, Le Monde reports. The number of deaths in the last 24 hours rose again to 605, the highest yet.

The number of hospitalisations and admissions to intensive care has also risen. But they are not as high as they were on Friday, or throughout last week when they were over 1,000 per day.

France’s Covid-19 death rate now officially stands at 8,911. 29,722 people have been hospitalised, 7,072 are in intensive care. There are 74,390 confirmed cases (unquestionably an underestimate) and 17,250 people have been discharged from hospital.

France’s poorest département, Seine Saint Denis, has seen a leap in the number of deaths from Covid-19 – up 63% between 21-27 March.

It is not the worst hit, that’s the eastern département of Haut Rhin, but the virus is taking off at an alarming rate in this working-class area north of Paris, Le Figaro reports.

Local officials say there are fewer intensive care beds than in neighbouring areas and local people have less access to good quality health care. And housing conditions – many large families living in confined spaces, migrant workers’ hostels, slums and shanty towns – also appear to contribute to the spread.

There’s another key factor, according to Gwenaëlle Ferré who runs a health centre in the area. Many residents of Seine Saint Denis work in those poorly paid and little-appreciated jobs, which have now turned out to be indispensable. They work in delivery or are carers in old people’s homes or for local councils and are thus at high risk of exposure to the virus.

In Seine Saint Denis there have been 263 deaths (1.8 per 1,000), 1,310 people hospitalised, 228 in intensive care and 503 cured.

The département I live in, Val de Marne, which also includes a number of working-class areas, has seen 280 deaths (2.0 per 1,000). There are 1,651 people hospitalised, 291 in intensive care and 641 people cured.

The city of Paris has seen 548 deaths (2.6 per 1,000), 2,999 hospitalisations, 809 in intensive care and 1,212 cured.

Tests have started in Paris and elsewhere to see whether blood transfusions from cured patients can help seriously ill patients.

Similar tests have taken place in China and the US.

Researchers are also testing vaccination with an anti-TB drug, BCG.

Only 8% of serious Covid-19 cases and 1% of those who have died in France are below 45 years old, while 22% of serious cases and 73% of deaths are over 75 years old.

Gender is also a key factor – 74% of serious cases in intensive care are men, as are 59% of those who have died. This has yet to be explained.

Saturday’s Covid-19 death toll in France was 441, down from 588 on Friday, the worst day so far. That brings the total recorded death toll to 7,560, with 64,338 serious cases recorded, 6,800 people I intensive care.

Paris’s top cop has told us that if we catch Covid-19 it’s all our own fault for not listening to the wise counsels of the government.

In a video filmed on Friday, Paris Préfet de Police Didier Lallement, a man who has the permanent look of someone who has just sucked on a lemon and acts accordingly, declared that “ … the people who are in hospital, who are in intensive care, are the people who didn’t respect the lockdown when it began”.

He was forced to apologise after doctors pointed out that some patients certainly fell ill before the government finally got round to ordering the lockdown – after failing to call off the first round of council elections, if you remember – and that many others are residents of old people’s homes or workers whose jobs are deemed essential, doctors and nurses for example.

I suppose one might become a bit impatient with people who break the confinement rule if one had spent one’s Friday stopping people who had taken it into their heads to go off on a spring break, as Lallement and his troops did.

But the prefect has form. Last year he caused uproar when he told Yellow Vest protesters “We are not in the same camp.” Indeed, the “centrist” Macron government seems to have picked him because he is so nasty.

There are 180,000 cops on the streets to stop people taking an Easter holiday this weekend.

I suppose Lallement could argue that it’s tough love, which is my excuse for nagging my 95-year-old mother continuously about the anti-virus precautions.

Sometimes she remembers that she’s supposed to wash her hands regularly, sometimes that she should cough or sneeze into a tissue or her elbow, although the latter is judged impossible.

But remembering the rules and observing them are two different things and, given that she frequently forgets about the pandemic’s existence, she clearly thinks that I have become a hygiene fanatic just to annoy her.  

The most difficult rule is not touching your face. We all have difficulty observing that one but for her it is particularly difficult, given her habit of taking her false teeth out and wiping them during the course of a meal.

The authorisation form you have to fill in to leave your home will be available to download on your phone as from Monday.

France’s Covid-19 recorded death toll stands at 8,500. There are 63,633 confirmed cases, 6,662 people are in intensive care and 14,000 have been discharged from hospital.

The US government has denied reports that its representatives bought millions of face masks as they were about to be flown to France, paying cash on the airport runway.

The presidents of three French regional councils, including Valérie Pécresse who heads Ile de France, say that Americans bought consignments of masks at Chinese airports for up to four times as much just as the planes were about to be loaded.

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has said he is “very worried” by a report that a cargo destined for Quebec arrived substantially lighter than expected allegedly after the same trick was pulled off.

Prime Minister Edouard Philippe denied the government has mishandled the supply of masks in a television address last night.

The evidence – a major shortage in hospitals, never mind for the rest of us – seems to contradict him.

Production was stepped up in January, he claimed, but the explosion of the epidemic in Alsace took the government by surprise.

At least there are four mask manufacturers in France, Philippe pointed out, while some countries don’t have any. And, of course, others are being imported, if the Americans don’t outbid us.

All of which, ignores the government’s misleading declarations on the value of masks – claims that they were pointless for the general public, which, it is now clear, were an attempt to make up for the shortage for frontline workers.

The Mediapart website has published a long and damning article on failures to follow up leads from concerned citizens, attempts to cover up shortages, preferential treatment for Airbus and “lies”.

Lockdown will almost certainly be extended beyond the current 15 April deadline, Philippe said.

The prime minister found it necessary to appeal to the French not to go away on seasonal holidays. “OK, it’s spring … but the virus doesn’t take a holiday.”

And there will have to be a rethink on how to organize and mark the all-important baccalauréat, the final school exam.

Very French problems.

An “ultra-modern” site is to be opened at a hospital in Créteil, not far from Champigny, by mid-April. It will be able to handle an extra 86 patients, which doesn’t seem a lot given the scale of the epidemic. Presumably they will be the most urgent ones.

In the topsy-turvy Coronavirus world, the Medef bosses’ union has called for companies in difficulty to be nationalised and the free-market-fanatical government has agreed.

But, but the ideological aberration will only be temporary. Those too-big-to-fail French companies will be handed back to their owners when the crisis is over, Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire has reassured them.

“It’s just a question of the state protecting companies, for a limited time, by taking a stake or possibly enacting a temporary nationalisation,” he told France24 and RFI.

I yearn to go for a walk in the woods in the spring sunshine.

I had to make do with a walk to the bakery, which takes me over the Marne, where chestnuts are beginning to regain their leaves, bushes are blossoming and birds are singing.

A Canada goose and a duck rushed to the bank when they saw me. They must wonder what’s happened to the humans who often feed them. Still, apparently it’s not a good diet for them, so they can thank the virus for a slimming course.

The death toll from Covid-19 in France’s hospitals now stands at 4,503, up 471 in 24 hours. Figures have now been announced for old people’s homes – at least 884, although officials say this is almost certainly an underestimate. There are more than 26,000 people in hospital with the virus, 6,399 in intensive care, a rise of 382 in 24 hours. More than 12,000 people have been discharged from hospital, apparently recovered.

Here’s what happens if you report severe coronavirus symptoms – high temperature, headache, breathing difficulties and extreme weakness – and you call health services in Paris now.

Ian Noble received a text from a friend in his late 50s, who lives alone in a large apartment block, his throat was sore to talk.

“He contacted the appropriate medical service whose advice was that he should stay in self-isolation, monitor his temperature, drink lots of fluids and basically sweat it out until he gets better. He should only call the severely strained emergency ambulance service for evacuation to overstretched hospital facilities if his breathing difficulties reached alarming levels.

“But how do you decide on your own what is sufficiently alarming?

“I told him not to sacrifice his life expectancy to an excessive sense of civic responsibility. By Wednesday he was feeling slightly less ill but understood he wouldn’t be in the clear until next Monday.”

The hospitals are so overstretched they are only taking the most desperate cases, although Le Monde reports that some private clinics have said that they have facilities available that are not being used.

I know of two other cases where people have been told to stay at home and wait for improvement, which, thankfully, has taken place.

None of these three people has been tested, which means that in France, as practically everywhere else, the statistics of the number of cases – even fairly severe ones – are an underestimate, probably a huge one.

My latest trip to a supermarket took me to Franprix. It’s the nearest one to me but I haven’t been there since the start of the lockdown, partly because it is small, which make social distancing difficult, and partly because in normal times heavy drinkers gather outside and go there to buy their booze.

There was indeed one poorly dressed man who appeared to be homeless and whose only purchase was several cans of beer.

The other customers were making a half-hearted attempt to keep distance between each other. Some people’s behaviour defies logic. They wear masks but don’t cover their mouths and nose with them in a confined space and they ignore the norms for distancing.

Worryingly, none of the usual staff were working. Is that because they have fallen ill?

Two men, one young, the other older, were at the tills. They were visibly on edge, especially the older one, who snapped at a customer, a delivery driver and his clearly inexperienced colleague, who was having great difficulty finding the codes for fruit and veg.

“Don’t talk me like that,” he told the driver. “I’m working till midnight, me!”

They served us from behind a plexiglass screen. The older man hasd a simple mask, the younger a helmet with a plexiglass visor attached.

More on the God question: Tariq Ali reports on Facebook that Pakistani clerics are refusing to close mosques or stop congregations.

“The PTI government [of PM Imran Khan] itself encouraged this by refusing to ban the annual gathering of the Tablighi Jamaat (a revivalist, missionary outfit that has recruited lots of top Army people, civil servants, cricketing stars, bored housewives, etc) and it took place as usual near Lahore, sparking off a number of Covid infections,” he writes. “Now the clerics are in open defiance. The government should not delay taking action since the mosques can and are becoming a breeding ground for the virus. If ever there was a time for the military to move in and seal off the mosques, this is it ….”

From Turkey comes the news that 90,000 prisoners are to be transferred to house arrest or have their sentences halved, making them eligible for parole, because of the epidemic.

Among the lucky beneficiaries are people found guilty of unpremeditated murder and participation in organised crime, although an earlier proposal to include sex offenders and domestic violence perpetrators was dropped.

The country’s jails are packed with 300,000 prisoners, partly due to the government’s enthusiasm for locking up political opponents, like former presidential candidate Selahattin Demirtas, critical journalists and alleged coup plotters, some convicted on the flimsiest of evidence. These categories will stay in their cells, according to the Guardian.

The number of Covid-19 deaths in French hospitals now stands at 4,043. Figures are not yet available for deaths in retirement homes. There are 57,749 serious cases recorded, more than 6,000 of them in intensive care. There are 9,600 people hospitalised in Ile de France.

So it turns out that migrants have their uses! Faced with a shortage of labour in the market gardens of Seine et Marne, which provide much of Paris’s fruit and veg, the authorities have appealed to refugees to go and work in the fields.

Farmers had already suggested that companies might “loan” them laid-off workers.

A tweet from the Seine et Marne préfet, the top government official in the area, met a mixed response with comments like “Aren’t you beating them with truncheons any more?” and demands to know how much they would be paid.  

The work is on a voluntary basis, he replied, adding that they would be given work permits and paid the rate for the job, without giving a figure. As of yesterday, 56 had volunteered to go and dig spuds and pick fruit.

Let’s hope the racists are paying attention!

Globalisation may have contributed to the spread of the virus but now cross-border cooperation is helping fight it.

Not only has China embarked on a soft-power drive to help other countries – an effort that includes sending millions of masks to France – and Cuba sent teams of doctors to needy nations, but also hospitals in Germany, Luxembourg and Switzerland have taken in seriously ill French patients.

Meanwhile, Orly airport has closed, which means less noise pollution for us in Champigny.

Whose side is God on? One reason that the Grand Est region of France is the second worst affected by the epidemic is that 2,500 evangelical Christians visited a megachurch in the city of Mulhouse in late February. That was before the government banned large gatherings. Social distancing was not observed during the prayer meetings.

A number of those present have tested positive, including one of the preachers, Samuel Peterschmitt, who is the founder’s son. At least two have died and others have spread the virus to other regions, including the French south American territory of Guyana.

In a video sermon, Pastor Thiebault Geyer has apologised with tears in his eyes for the church’s role in spreading the virus. That didn’t stop him claiming that the fact that he has not tested positive is a sign from heaven that he has “a role to play” in fighting the virus today.

France is not the only country where religious gatherings, sometimes held in defiance of bans, have helped spread the virus, nor is Christianity the only religion whose adepts have ignored scientists’ warnings.

France’s Covid-19 recorded death toll is now 3,523, a rise of 499 in 24 hours. The number of confirmed cases has risen by a record 7,657 over the same period. There are 22,800 people being treated in hospital, 5,565 of them in intensive care, a figure that has doubled over the last week. Sixty per cent of the patients are between 60 and 80 years old.

If you live with an elderly person, coughing and spluttering or other unusual sounds coming from their bedroom are worrying. But so is silence because … well, you know.

No sound from Mum’s room when I woke up this morning. I restrained the urge to check on her and was reassured within half an hour by the sounds of a sortie to the toilet. I think a scattering of lemongrass oil has calmed her cough. Please don’t tell me there are side effects.

A coward dies a thousand deaths and a worrier suffers a thousand crises but at least our anxiety spurs us to take action against its sources.

The death toll from this “unprecedented, severe, murderous” epidemic in France has now passed 3,000, as it has in the US. The description of the plague is from France’s health boss Jérôme Salomon, who reported that yesterday saw the highest rise in the number of deaths so far – 418.

It should peak in Ile de France at the end of the week, Stéphane Gaudry, a professor in medicine in Bobigny, north of Paris, told Le Monde. To date 954 people have died and 7,700 have been hospitalized in the Paris region, he says.

The national peak should have been reached on Saturday, according to earlier forecasts, but that has not happened. Prime Minister Edouard Philippe, backed up by some experts, now predicts the peak at the end of this weekbut not everybody is that optimistic.

Macron is visiting a mask manufacturer today. The company has taken on extra labour and appealed to other firms to “lend” laid-off workers to help boost production. There are four mask manufacturers in France and they expect to raise weekly production from 15 million to 40 million. Millions are also being imported from China.

A lot of people seem to have masks, despite the fact that their distribution is supposed to be limited to frontline workers at the moment. Did they have them already? Did they get in early and buy up stocks? I was happy to find I already had one but I’ve used it now.

Which brings us to the read-this-and-weep moment.

In 2015 France had stocks of 285 million FFP2 masks and 20 million packs of 50 surgical masks – as many as current Health Minister Olivier Véran says we need today – plus 2,100 respirators and oxygen bottles and 11,000 sets of protective clothing and accessories.

In 2007, in the wake of the bird flu outbreak, a special unit was set up to prepare for future epidemics.

There was a right-wing government at the time and some Socialists accused it of enriching the manufacturers at the taxpayers’ expense.

And, of course, there was the continuous pressure to reduce health spending and balance the budget.

The unit’s budget was slashed from 281 million euros in 2007 to 25.8 million in 2015. It  was merged with other government departments and the stocks run down, leaving no FFP2 masks at all and 120 million surgical masks when the Covid-19 emergency erupted.

France’s Covid-19 recorded death toll now stands at 3,024. There are 45,170 confirmed cases, 21,000 being treated in hospital, 5,100 of them in intensive care.

A blind woman was begging outside the bakery this morning, right up by the door so that everyone had to pass close to her as they entered.

As we were waiting, she advanced towards the queue, squawking “S’il vous plait! S’il vous plait!” in a grating voice.

Everyone scattered. A man at the end of the queue rather pointlessly said “She’s blind,” and the woman nearest to her replied “I know but … ”, while backing away.

The woman – black and scruffily dressed, I think I’ve seen her around town – gave up asking for money, lit a cigarette and went back to her place at the door. I went to another bakery.

Coronavirus makes cowards of us all.

The hydroxcyhlorine controversy rages on. Health officials in Nouvelle Aquitaine have announced that some people who took it without a prescription have developed heart problems as a consequence.

There have been warnings of other side effects, especially for older people.

Professor Didier Raoult, the media-friendly Marseille doctor who announced the drug had “spectacular” results against Covid-19 after testing it on 24 patients, says he has been vindicated. In his latest study 65 of the 80 patients treated improved and were discharged from hospital in an average of less than five days, he says. One patient aged 74 was still in intensive care and another aged 86 died.

Some other scientists point out that the trial was not subject to the usual controls.

International tests of the drug’s use against Covid-19 are still being carried out but the French government has authorized its use under a doctor’s supervision.

Queues have formed outside the hospital where Raoult works and there has been a run on the drug, reportedly depriving some patients who were already prescribed it for other illnesses of their supply.

The professor has apparently attracted a fan club on the far right, whose adepts present him as an anti-establishment rebel whose work is being sabotaged by big pharma (although Sanofi, which is hardly an entrepreneurial insurgent, has ramped up production of its hydroxychlorine product, plaquenil).  

In fact, Raoult has spent years cultivating connections in political circles, mainly, though not exclusively, on the mainstream right. The hard-right mayor of Nice, Christian Estrosi, a friend since their schooldays together in Nice, has leapt to the professor’s defence on social media. Having tested positive for the virus, right-wing MP Valérie Boyer reported to him for treatment.

France’s Covid-19 recorded death toll now stands at 2,606, 292 on Saturday. There are 40,174 confirmed cases, up from 37,575, 19,354 being treated in hospital, up from 17,620, 4,592 of them in intensive care.